TY - JOUR AU - Radchenko, M. AU - Ponomareva, I. AU - Pozynych, I. AU - Morderer, Ye. PY - 2021/12/20 Y2 - 2024/03/28 TI - Stress and use of herbicides in field crops JF - Agricultural Science and Practice JA - Agric. sci. pract. VL - 8 IS - 3 SE - Articles DO - 10.15407/agrisp8.03.050 UR - https://agrisp.com/index.php/agrisp/article/view/2021_03_05 SP - 50-70 AB - When herbicides are combined under natural conditions or applied in stress conditions (drought, for instance),the efficiency of their action may decrease which results in considerable yield losses. The reason thereto is thatanother herbicide or stressor can trigger the adaptation mechanism in weed plants, and they survive, resultingin weed infestation. In particular, it applies to such herbicides as acetyl-CoA-carboxylase inhibitors or so-called graminicides, which are effective only for grass weeds control. The efficiency of this groups of herbi-cides is heavily dependent on the environment and often decreases when combined with herbicides, efficientagainst dicotyledon weeds. It turns out that this occurs due to the fact their final phytotoxicity is not determinedat the level of the site of action (herbicide target) but depends on the stage of herbicide-induced pathogenesis –processes, occurring due to the interaction between the herbicide and its site of action. The stress response ofthe weeds may make its contribution into herbicide-induced pathogenesis. Plants are known to respond to theaction of various abiotic stressors in the form of non-specific stress response and depending on the intensity andduration of the stressor’s action, a plant either adapts or dies. At present there are sufficient data, demonstratingthat programmed cell death (PCD) is involved in the herbicide-induced pathogenesis. Reactive oxygen species(ROS) induce PCD in specific classes of herbicides. The participation of ROS and PCD in herbicide-inducedpathogenesis allows for targeted effects on the phytotoxic action of herbicides, for instance, via combinedapplication of herbicides with possible PCD inducers and prooxidants. The confirmation of the role of non-specific response in the development of phytotoxic action of herbicides is found in the phenomena of cross-adaptation (activation of antioxidant defense) and cross-synergism (activation of oxidative stress) under theapplication of herbicides. Based on our own research and literature data, the importance of cross-adaptationand cross-synergism in applying herbicides in drought conditions and to determine the nature of the interac-tion in herbicide complexes is discussed. In particular, the review discusses the reduction of phytotoxicity ofthe ACCase herbicides due to the phenomenon of cross-adaptation in drought conditions and in combinationwith herbicides, which are acetolactate synthase inhibitors. The results of investigations were presented aboutthe reduction of antagonism in the mixtures of herbicides, which are ACCase and ALS inhibitors, because ofthe use of substances with prooxidant properties, as well as the inhibitor of the antioxidant enzyme superoxidedismutase. On the other hand, we analyzed the possibility of increasing the phytotoxic effect of herbicides,ACCase inhibitors, in combination with herbicides with prooxidant properties – inhibitors of electron transportin Photosystem 2 (FS 2) chloroplasts and protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PROTOX) inhibitors. It became thefoundation for the elaboration of efficient herbicide compositions for wheat and onion fields. While combiningherbicides, the issue of synergism is becoming relevant due to the problem of the spread of target-site resis-tance, since, to prevent this type of resistance, it is necessary to combine herbicides with different mechanismsof phytotoxicity. The presented data demonstrate that the increased activity of antioxidant defense systems,which is the result of a long process of evolutionary adaptation of weeds to the action of abiotic stressors, isan element of non-target-site-based resistance to herbicides. Possible ways to prevent the negative impact ofnon-specific stress response on the efficiency of herbicides, as well as the prospects of the chemical method ofweeds control are discussed. ER -